{"id":39404,"date":"2021-09-10T13:36:34","date_gmt":"2021-09-10T12:36:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/?p=39404"},"modified":"2021-09-10T13:42:28","modified_gmt":"2021-09-10T12:42:28","slug":"nebriga-za-mentalno-zdravlje-u-eu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/?p=39404","title":{"rendered":"Nebriga za mentalno zdravlje u EU"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>7,2% stanovnika Europske unije u 2019. godini patilo je od <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/web\/products-eurostat-news\/-\/edn-20210910-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">kroni\u010dne depresije<\/a>, \u0161to je blago pove\u0107anje u odnosu na 2014. (6,9%), pokazuju svje\u017ei podaci Eurostata. Tome treba dodati da su brojke puno ve\u0107e kada se ne gleda samo kroni\u010dna depresija, ve\u0107 depresija i anksioznost kao dva naj\u010de\u0161\u0107a problema s mentalnim zdravljem u EU: svake godine \u010dak 25% stanovni\u0161tva pati od depresije ili anksioznosti, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/en\/health-topics\/noncommunicable-diseases\/mental-health\/news\/news\/2012\/10\/depression-in-europe\/depression-in-europe-facts-and-figures\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">pokazuju podaci<\/a> Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije, a 50% bolovanja zbog kroni\u010dnih bolesti uzima se zbog depresije ili anksioznosti. \u017dene ne\u0161to \u010de\u0161\u0107e od mu\u0161karaca pate od kroni\u010dne depresije u svim dr\u017eavama \u010dlanicama: u 2019. Portugal je bio dr\u017eava s najvi\u0161im udjelom \u017eena s dijagnosticiranom kroni\u010dnom depresijom (16,4%), a Slovenija je imala najvi\u0161i udio mu\u0161karaca s dijagnosticiranom kroni\u010dnom depresijom (14,3%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Me\u0111u dr\u017eavama EU, Slovenija je imala najvi\u0161i udio stanovni\u0161tva s kroni\u010dnom depresijom u 2019. (15,1%), a slijede Portugal (12,2%) i \u0160vedska (11,7%). S druge strane nalaze se dr\u017eave s najni\u017eim udjelom stanovn\u0161tva koje pati od kroni\u010dne depresije: Rumunjska (1%), Bugarska (2,7%) i Malta (3,5%). Naravno, to ne zna\u010di da je u tim dr\u017eavama depresija manje ra\u0161irena, ve\u0107 je rje\u0111e dijagnosticirana. Razlozi za to nalaze se u prvom redu u <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/health\/sites\/health\/files\/mental_health\/docs\/europopp_full_en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">stigmi<\/a> povezanoj s problemima s mentalnim zdravljem, zbog \u010dega se mnogi u dr\u017eavama poput Bugarske, Rumunjske i Poljske ni ne usu\u0111uju potra\u017eiti pomo\u0107, ali problem le\u017ei i u nedostupnosti pomo\u0107i. <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/civio.es\/medicamentalia\/2021\/03\/09\/access-to-mental-health-in-europe\/\" target=\"_blank\">Rije\u010dima\u00a0<\/a>Marcina Rodzinke, glasnogovornika organizacije <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mhe-sme.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">Mental Health Europe<\/a>: &#8220;u ve\u0107ini dr\u017eava Europske unije svi problemi s tjelesnim zdravljem su pokriveni, ali da biste oti\u0161li zubaru morate platiti sami, a isto je i s brigom o mentalnom zdravlju.&#8221; Prema analizi iz 2016. godine, pristup brizi o mentalnom zdravlju \u010desto je lo\u0161 \u010dak i u najrazvijenijim dr\u017eavama s univerzalnom zdravstvenom za\u0161titom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>U nekim dr\u017eavama <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/civio.es\/medicamentalia\/2021\/03\/09\/access-to-mental-health-in-europe\/\" target=\"_blank\">pristup psiholo\u0161koj pomo\u0107i<\/a> uop\u0107e nije pokriven zdravstvenom za\u0161titom (Latvija, Bugarska i Francuska), a u ostalima psiholo\u0161ka pomo\u0107 postoji, ali u \u010dak sedam dr\u017eavama \u010dlanica korisnici svejedno moraju dio tro\u0161kova sami nadoplatiti (Gr\u010dka, Estonija, Portugal, Danska, Austrija, Belgija, Italija). Daljnji problemi su ograni\u010denje godi\u0161njeg broja terapija (npr. 10 sesija godi\u0161nje u Estoniji), ogromne liste \u010dekanja (i do 8 mjeseci) i manjak stru\u010dnog osoblja \u2013 u gotovo svim dr\u017eavama za koje postoje podaci nije ispo\u0161tovan propisani minimum od 20 psihologa\/inja na 100.000 osoba \u2013 uz iznimku \u0160vedske, Danske i Slovenije.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podaci o ra\u0161irenosti depresije i anksioznosti u 2020. godini jo\u0161 nisu objavljeni, ali postoje <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/?p=36912\" target=\"_blank\">istra\u017eivanja<\/a> koja upu\u0107uju na masovno pogor\u0161anje mentalnog zdravlja zbog pandemije. Ustanovljeno je da je pogor\u0161anje mentalnog zdravlja povezano sa usamljeno\u0161\u0107u koja se intenzivirala od izbijanja pandemije: sudionici jednog istra\u017eivanja koji su prijavili ve\u0107u razinu usamljenosti tijekom pandemije imali su i ekstremno visok rizik od pogor\u0161anog mentalnog zdravlja, tj. 6-10 puta ve\u0107i rizik od razvijanja simptoma depresije, anksioznosti i problema sa spavanjem. Uzimaju\u0107i u obzir da su ekonomske posljedice pandemije posebno osjetili <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/section\/politics\/opinion\/has-covid-19-left-a-pandemic-scar-on-young-people\/\" target=\"_blank\">mladi<\/a>, kao i manjkavu podr\u0161ku mentalnom zdravlju kroz zdravstvenu za\u0161titu, posebno zabrinjavaju nova istra\u017eivanja koja pokazuju da su usamljenost i problemi s mentalnim zdravljem tijekom pandemije <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1177\/0956797620967261\" target=\"_blank\">puno izra\u017eeniji<\/a>&nbsp;me\u0111u mladim ljudima.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>7,2% stanovnika Europske unije u 2019. godini patilo je od kroni\u010dne depresije, \u0161to je blago pove\u0107anje u odnosu na 2014. (6,9%), pokazuju svje\u017ei podaci Eurostata. Tome treba dodati da su brojke puno ve\u0107e kada se ne gleda samo kroni\u010dna depresija, ve\u0107 depresija i anksioznost kao dva naj\u010de\u0161\u0107a problema s mentalnim zdravljem u EU: svake godine [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":39410,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[454],"tags":[1079,1078,1253,1548],"theme":[458],"country":[495],"articleformat":[205],"coauthors":[241],"class_list":["post-39404","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-naslovnica","tag-anksioznost","tag-depresija","tag-mentalno-zdravlje","tag-psiholoska-pomoc","theme-drustvo","country-europska-unija","articleformat-vijest"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39404","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=39404"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39404\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39413,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39404\/revisions\/39413"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/39410"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=39404"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=39404"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=39404"},{"taxonomy":"theme","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftheme&post=39404"},{"taxonomy":"country","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcountry&post=39404"},{"taxonomy":"articleformat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Farticleformat&post=39404"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bilten.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcoauthors&post=39404"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}